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October 27, 2004

Brain-in-a-dish flies plane

A living "brain" of cultured rat cells now controls an F-22 fighter jet flight simulator, a U.S. scientist says.

Scientists say the research could lead to tiny, brain-controlled prosthetic devices and living computers flying pilotless aeroplanes.

And if scientists can decipher the ground rules of how such neural networks function, the research may also result in novel computing systems to tackle dangerous search-and-rescue jobs and assess bomb damage without endangering humans.

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Posted by Vishwakarma C. K. @ 11:37 AM | Comments (0) | TrackBack

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September 18, 2004

Volume Analytics

Data mining looks for patterns within structured data, that is, databases. The underlying technologies are based on statistics and artificial intelligence, littering the field with buzzwords such as classification and regression trees (CART), chi-squared automatic induction (CHAID), neural networks and genetic algorithms. As a process, data mining is not for the uninitiated. Typically, a statistician selects the appropriate algorithm(s) for the business problem, prepares the data for analysis and then fine-tunes the model based on the results.

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September 16, 2004

Features or Creatures: Visual Expertise Taps Same Neural Networks

Research conducted at Brown University and published in the current online early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences supports a mounting body of evidence that such a “face module” does not exist. Instead, researchers are finding that the same networks of neurons used to process faces are also used by people who are expert in making all kinds of fine visual distinctions, from radiologists to dog show judges.

In a novel experiment, subjects were trained to become experts on computer-generated creatures called Greebles. Over a two-week period, in a series of one-hour sessions, subjects were shown images of Greebles, whose appendages make them unique. Conceived by Brown Professor Michael J. Tarr and former students Isabel Gauthier and Scott Yu, Greebles’ subtle variations in shape and configuration render them visually difficult to identify, making them a perfect control image for the human face.

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September 06, 2004

Survival of the Fittest

Survival analysis could help you predict that one of your best customers is about to jump ship for a competitor. Or it could help you decide whether that costly promotion is really going to be worth it. Or it could help you tailor that next catalog mailing and double your return.
The aptly named analytic technique, also called survival data mining, has been used by doctors for decades to predict the life expectancy of heart-transplant patients and by biologists to assess the probability that a cell invaded by a virus will die within 24 hours. Engineers have long used it to estimate the mean time to failure of a disk drive or a robotic welder. More recently, sociologists and psychologist have started using it to predict when certain types of people will divorce or seek help for depression.

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August 29, 2004

Learning how to forget

After decades of studying how memory works, scientists are trying to figure out how we forget.

Their goal is to help people:

• Forget painful things they don't want to remember, from an embarrassing moment in high school or a stupid mistake at work on up to a rape or traumatic accident.

? Not forget things they do want to remember, such as where they left their keys or the name of the boss's spouse, all the way up to slowing the devastation of Alzheimer's disease.

Instead of just giving memory tests to people, neuroscientists are using recent technologies that observe the living brain at work, such as fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) and PET (positron emission tomography).

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Posted by Vishwakarma C. K. @ 06:55 AM | Comments (0) | TrackBack